A role for 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate in cell fusion induced by herpes simplex virus type 1

Vaibhav Tiwari, Christian Clement, Michael B. Duncan, Jinghua Chen, Jian Liu, Deepak Shukla

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

74 Scopus citations

Abstract

Membrane fusion induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) is required for both entry and cell-to-cell spread. It is mediated by the viral glycoprotein gB, gD, gH-gL and gD receptors. Although 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate (3-OS HS) is a receptor for HSV-1 entry, the requirement for heparan sulfate in the fusion process has been ruled out. Here, it is demonstrated that cells expressing 3-OS HS, generated by D-glucosaminyl 3-O-sulfotransferase isoforms-3 and/or -5 (3-OST-3 and 3-OST-5), fused with cells expressing the four glycoproteins. The cell fusion observed exhibited similar requirements but was independent of protein receptors, HVEM or nectin-1. Additionally, removal of 3-OS HS from the cell surface by heparinase-I treatment and, in separate experiments, the presence of soluble 3-OST-3- and 3-OST-5-modified HS, significantly inhibited fusion. Taken together, these results indicate that 3-OS HS can play a crucial role in virus entry and cell fusion.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)805-809
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of General Virology
Volume85
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2004
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Virology

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