TY - JOUR
T1 - A role for balance of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 production in protective immunity against Neospora caninum infection
AU - Nishikawa, Yoshifumi
AU - Inoue, Noboru
AU - Makala, Levi
AU - Nagasawa, Hideyuki
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Dr. J.P. Dubey (United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Livestock and Poultry Sciences Institute, and Parasite Biology and Epidemiology Laboratory) for supplying N. caninum, NC-1 strain. This work was supported by the grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan. The first author is supported by Research Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists.
PY - 2003/10/20
Y1 - 2003/10/20
N2 - A suitable balance in the production of Th1/Th2-type cytokines has a crucial role in the control of microbial infections. We investigated cytokine production patterns and effects during Neospora caninum infection, based on two mouse models and an in vitro system. In the acute infection of N. caninum, BALB/c-background IFN-γ-deficient mice that were sensitive to the N. caninum infection showed high levels of IL-10 production, whereas significant levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) production were observed in resistant wild type mice. BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing N. caninum surface protein NcSRS2 resisted parasite spread throughout the body, low levels of IFN-γ production and high levels of IL-4 production were observed compared to unvaccinated animals. The treatment of N. caninum-infected cells with IFN-γ or IL-10 decreased the host-cell viability in an in vitro system using mouse macrophage J774A.1 cells. On the other hand, IL-4, but not IL-10 administration, increased the viability of N. caninum-infected and IFN-γ-treated cells. In the light of the balance of Th1/Th2-type cytokine production, an IFN-γ/IL-4 balance may have a crucial role for the control of cellular responses against the parasite invasion.
AB - A suitable balance in the production of Th1/Th2-type cytokines has a crucial role in the control of microbial infections. We investigated cytokine production patterns and effects during Neospora caninum infection, based on two mouse models and an in vitro system. In the acute infection of N. caninum, BALB/c-background IFN-γ-deficient mice that were sensitive to the N. caninum infection showed high levels of IL-10 production, whereas significant levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) production were observed in resistant wild type mice. BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing N. caninum surface protein NcSRS2 resisted parasite spread throughout the body, low levels of IFN-γ production and high levels of IL-4 production were observed compared to unvaccinated animals. The treatment of N. caninum-infected cells with IFN-γ or IL-10 decreased the host-cell viability in an in vitro system using mouse macrophage J774A.1 cells. On the other hand, IL-4, but not IL-10 administration, increased the viability of N. caninum-infected and IFN-γ-treated cells. In the light of the balance of Th1/Th2-type cytokine production, an IFN-γ/IL-4 balance may have a crucial role for the control of cellular responses against the parasite invasion.
KW - Cytokine balance
KW - IFN-γ
KW - IL-10
KW - IL-4
KW - Neospora caninum
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U2 - 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.07.001
DO - 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.07.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 14559161
AN - SCOPUS:1542614135
SN - 0304-4017
VL - 116
SP - 175
EP - 184
JO - Veterinary Parasitology
JF - Veterinary Parasitology
IS - 3
ER -
