Antisaccade-related brain activation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A pilot study

Nicolette F. Schwarz; Cynthia E. Krafft; Lingxi Chi; Abby L. Weinberger; David J. Schaeffer; Jordan E. Pierce; Amanda L. Rodrigue; Celestine F. Williams; Caroline H. DiBattisto; Bernard L. Maria; Catherine L. Davis; Jennifer E. McDowell

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.10.003

Antisaccade-related brain activation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A pilot study

Nicolette F. Schwarz, Cynthia E. Krafft, Lingxi Chi, Abby L. Weinberger, David J. Schaeffer, Jordan E. Pierce, Amanda L. Rodrigue, Celestine F. Williams, Caroline H. DiBattisto, Bernard L. Maria, Catherine L. Davis, Jennifer E. McDowell

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

While antisaccade paradigms invoke circuitry associated with cognitive control and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there is a dearth of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) investigations using antisaccade tasks among children with ADHD. Neural correlates associated with antisaccade performance were examined with fMRI in 11 children with ADHD (10 medicated) matched to 11 typically developing children. Significantly greater brain activation in regions in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus was observed in children with ADHD relative to the control group. This pattern separated the children into their respective groups in a taxonomic manner. Sensitivity analyses probing comorbidity and medication-specific effects showed that results were consistent; however, the caudate nucleus difference was only detectable in the full sample, or in subsets with a more relaxed cluster threshold. Antisaccade performance did not significantly differ between the groups, perhaps as a result of greater brain activation or medication effects in the ADHD group. Thus, antisaccade paradigms may have sensitivity and specificity for the investigation of cognitive control deficits and associated neural correlates in ADHD, and may contribute towards the development of new treatment approaches for children with the disorder.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	272-279
Number of pages	8
Journal	Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging
Volume	234
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.10.003
State	Published - Nov 30 2015

Keywords

ADHD
Children
Cognitive control
FMRI
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Stimulant medication

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Neuroscience (miscellaneous)
Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Psychiatry and Mental health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.10.003

Cite this

Schwarz, N. F., Krafft, C. E., Chi, L., Weinberger, A. L., Schaeffer, D. J., Pierce, J. E., Rodrigue, A. L., Williams, C. F., DiBattisto, C. H., Maria, B. L., Davis, C. L., & McDowell, J. E. (2015). Antisaccade-related brain activation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A pilot study. Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging, 234(2), 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.10.003

Schwarz, NF, Krafft, CE, Chi, L, Weinberger, AL, Schaeffer, DJ, Pierce, JE, Rodrigue, AL, Williams, CF, DiBattisto, CH, Maria, BL, Davis, CL & McDowell, JE 2015, 'Antisaccade-related brain activation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A pilot study', Psychiatry Research - Neuroimaging, vol. 234, no. 2, pp. 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.10.003

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abstract = "While antisaccade paradigms invoke circuitry associated with cognitive control and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there is a dearth of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) investigations using antisaccade tasks among children with ADHD. Neural correlates associated with antisaccade performance were examined with fMRI in 11 children with ADHD (10 medicated) matched to 11 typically developing children. Significantly greater brain activation in regions in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus was observed in children with ADHD relative to the control group. This pattern separated the children into their respective groups in a taxonomic manner. Sensitivity analyses probing comorbidity and medication-specific effects showed that results were consistent; however, the caudate nucleus difference was only detectable in the full sample, or in subsets with a more relaxed cluster threshold. Antisaccade performance did not significantly differ between the groups, perhaps as a result of greater brain activation or medication effects in the ADHD group. Thus, antisaccade paradigms may have sensitivity and specificity for the investigation of cognitive control deficits and associated neural correlates in ADHD, and may contribute towards the development of new treatment approaches for children with the disorder.",

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Antisaccade-related brain activation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A pilot study

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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