TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the golden proportion in natural facial esthetics
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Londono, Jimmy
AU - Ghasmi, Shohreh
AU - Lawand, Ghida
AU - Mirzaei, Fatemeh
AU - Akbari, Fatemeh
AU - Dashti, Mahmood
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Statement of problem: Faces considered attractive tend to possess a general harmony; however, scientific studies on the quantitative basis of human facial attractiveness are still sparse. The golden proportion has been the most documented ratio, but the actual existence of codified facial ratios in facially attractive individuals remains unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the deviation from the golden proportion in the measurements of different natural vertical facial ratios. Material and methods: A comprehensive search of the electronic databases that included PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Scopus Secondary documents, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted using the terms “golden proportion”, “golden proportions”, “golden ratio”, “golden ratios”, “golden number”, “golden section”, “divine proportion”, “divine proportions”, “divine ratio”, “divine ratios”, and “Fibonacci” in combination with 1 or more of the ensuing terms: “facial proportion”, “facial proportions”, “facial measurement”, and “facial measurements”. Deviation of the facial proportions from the golden proportions was further analyzed by using a 1-sample t test (α=.05). Results: The 1-sample test showed no significant difference among the means of each variable (P>.05), suggesting that the golden proportion is found in natural facial esthetics. Conclusions: No significant association was found between the golden ratio and facial evaluation scores among all ethnicities. The measurements and proportions for facial balance in the study population showed that the participant's facial height proportions did not follow the golden proportion.
AB - Statement of problem: Faces considered attractive tend to possess a general harmony; however, scientific studies on the quantitative basis of human facial attractiveness are still sparse. The golden proportion has been the most documented ratio, but the actual existence of codified facial ratios in facially attractive individuals remains unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the deviation from the golden proportion in the measurements of different natural vertical facial ratios. Material and methods: A comprehensive search of the electronic databases that included PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Scopus Secondary documents, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted using the terms “golden proportion”, “golden proportions”, “golden ratio”, “golden ratios”, “golden number”, “golden section”, “divine proportion”, “divine proportions”, “divine ratio”, “divine ratios”, and “Fibonacci” in combination with 1 or more of the ensuing terms: “facial proportion”, “facial proportions”, “facial measurement”, and “facial measurements”. Deviation of the facial proportions from the golden proportions was further analyzed by using a 1-sample t test (α=.05). Results: The 1-sample test showed no significant difference among the means of each variable (P>.05), suggesting that the golden proportion is found in natural facial esthetics. Conclusions: No significant association was found between the golden ratio and facial evaluation scores among all ethnicities. The measurements and proportions for facial balance in the study population showed that the participant's facial height proportions did not follow the golden proportion.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.026
DO - 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.026
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85132819990
SN - 0022-3913
JO - Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
JF - Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
ER -