Association between isolated abnormal coagulation profile on transfusion following major surgery: A NSQIP analysis of individuals without bleeding disorders

Kelvin Lim, Raj Satkunasivam, Cole Nipper, Jiaqiong Xu, Enshuo Hsu, Jeremy R. Slawin, Trisha Roy, Kelvin C. Allenson, Min P. Kim, Sean M. Barber, Taryn Ellis, Olutiwa Akinsola, Zachary Klaassen, Nestor Esnaola, Bheeshma Ravi, Angela Jerath, Christopher J.D. Wallis

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: Preoperative coagulation screening for patients without bleeding disorders remains controversial. The combinatorial risk of INR, aPTT, and platelet count (PLT) abnormalities leading to bleeding requiring transfusion is not known in these patients. We examined the association between abnormal coagulation profile and the risk of transfusion following common elective surgery in patients without bleeding disorders. Study Design and Methods: We utilized the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database from 2004 to 2018 to identify patients without a history of bleeding disorders undergoing common 23 major elective procedures across 10 specialties. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between coagulation profile and bleeding requiring packed red blood cell transfusion intra−/post-operatively. Results: Of the 672,075 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 53.7% presented with normal coagulation profile preoperatively. Overall, 12.2% (n = 82,368) received transfusion. In the setting of normal aPTT/PLT, both Equivocal INR of 1.1–1.5 (aOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.38–1.44) and Abnormal INR of >1.5 (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.71–1.93) were significantly associated with an increased risk of transfusion. Equivocal (60–70) and Abnormal (>70) aPTT with normal INR/PLT did not demonstrate a comparable risk of transfusion. We observed a synergistic effect of combinatorial lab abnormalities on the risk of transfusion when both Abnormal INR/aPTT and Low PLT of <100,000 were present (aOR 5.18, 95% CI 3.04–8.84), compared to the effect of Abnormal INR/aPTT and normal/elevated PLT (aOR 1.90, 95% CI 1.48–2.45). Discussion: The preoperative presence of abnormal findings in INR or PLT was significantly associated with the risk of bleeding requiring transfusion during intraoperative and postoperative periods.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2223-2234
Number of pages12
JournalTransfusion
Volume62
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2022
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • INR
  • NSQIP
  • aPTT
  • bleeding
  • coagulation
  • platelet
  • transfusion

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

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