Abstract
Background and objectives: Investigations in older individuals suggest that adequate nutrition and physical activity are particularly important to skeletal muscle health; however, data in adolescents are scant and equivocal. The objective was to determine the associations among diet, physical activity and skeletal muscle mass in adolescents. Methods: We assessed diet with four to seven 24-h recalls and physical activity by accelerometry in 640 adolescents. Using total body measures of fat-free soft tissue mass and fat mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, the skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) was derived by adjusting fat-free soft tissue mass for fat mass in addition to height. Results: Skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) was negatively associated with consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (standardized beta coefficient [β] = −0.10, P = 0.001) and saturated fats (β = −0.28, P < 0.001). SMMI was positively associated with physical activity (moderate + vigorous) (β = 0.20, P < 0.001). In further analysis, we observed a significant interaction between physical activity and sugar-sweetened beverage intake on SMMI (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Our study in adolescence suggests that physical activity and consumption of both sugar-sweetened beverages and saturated fats are associated with skeletal muscle mass. More importantly, our findings suggest that sugar-sweetened beverage intake may attenuate the beneficial effects of physical activity on skeletal muscle mass.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | e12471 |
Journal | Pediatric Obesity |
Volume | 14 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 2019 |
Keywords
- Adolescents
- diet
- physical activity
- skeletal muscle mass
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Health Policy
- Nutrition and Dietetics
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health