Current Concepts in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sleep Disorders in the Elderly

Sleep disorders are a pervasive problem throughout all patient populations but represent an especially important health problem for the elderly. Alterations in sleep architecture that occur as a part of normal aging will contribute to sleep problems as we grow older. Other contributing factors—including comorbid medical conditions, changes in lifestyle and schedule, altered circadian rhythm, among a host of others—can have detrimental effects on the health of the elderly. Coupled with a number of sleep disorders that either emerge or exacerbate with age, the effects of poor sleep often result in an overall worsening of quality of life. Treatment options can be unique in this population and often more difficult due to the effects of normal aging, as well as polypharmacy and possible medication interactions. The following article will focus on the common sleep disorders that can besiege this population, symptoms to aid in diagnosis, and specific treatment options to help improve quality of life in the elderly.