TY - JOUR
T1 - Disparities in self-reported geriatric depressive symptoms due to sociodemographic differences
T2 - An extension of the bi-factor item response theory model for use in differential item functioning
AU - Yang, Frances M.
AU - Tommet, Doug
AU - Jones, Richard N.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was made possible through the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging (NIA) 5-T32 AG023480 award, NIH/NIA 5 R01 AG025308-02, NIH/NIA 5 R01 AG025308-02 Diversity Supplement, NIH/NIA P60AG008812, Harvard Medical School Livingston Fellowship, and the NARSAD Young Investigator Award.
PY - 2009/8
Y1 - 2009/8
N2 - This study evaluates the measurement noninvariance, or differential item functioning (DIF), in the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) items attributable to age, sex, and race/ethnicity among community-dwelling older adults. Participants (N = 2773) were from the New Haven site of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies in the Elderly. Statistical analyses included exploratory factor analysis, bi-factor confirmatory factor analysis, and a bi-factor multiple indicator and multiple causes (MIMIC) model to address measurement noninvariance. Blacks, compared with whites, were more likely to endorse items loading on the interpersonal factor, which include "people dislike me" and "people are unfriendly." Women were less likely to endorse the interpersonal items and the "I felt like a failure" item (odds ratio [OR] = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42, 0.94) than men. But women had a higher proportional odds than men for endorsing the "crying" item (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.96). Those 75 years and older (relative to those aged 65-74) were less likely to endorse the "I felt like a failure" item (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.97). However, measurement noninvariance found in both the "crying" and "failure" items were attributable to women and to those aged 75 and older were trivial after controlling for the underlying level of depressive symptomatology. Therefore, the interpersonal items showed measurement noninvariance attributable to sex and race. The bi-factor MIMIC model is useful for examining measurement noninvariance due to sociodemographics in a multidimensional depression instrument.
AB - This study evaluates the measurement noninvariance, or differential item functioning (DIF), in the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) items attributable to age, sex, and race/ethnicity among community-dwelling older adults. Participants (N = 2773) were from the New Haven site of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies in the Elderly. Statistical analyses included exploratory factor analysis, bi-factor confirmatory factor analysis, and a bi-factor multiple indicator and multiple causes (MIMIC) model to address measurement noninvariance. Blacks, compared with whites, were more likely to endorse items loading on the interpersonal factor, which include "people dislike me" and "people are unfriendly." Women were less likely to endorse the interpersonal items and the "I felt like a failure" item (odds ratio [OR] = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42, 0.94) than men. But women had a higher proportional odds than men for endorsing the "crying" item (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.96). Those 75 years and older (relative to those aged 65-74) were less likely to endorse the "I felt like a failure" item (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.97). However, measurement noninvariance found in both the "crying" and "failure" items were attributable to women and to those aged 75 and older were trivial after controlling for the underlying level of depressive symptomatology. Therefore, the interpersonal items showed measurement noninvariance attributable to sex and race. The bi-factor MIMIC model is useful for examining measurement noninvariance due to sociodemographics in a multidimensional depression instrument.
KW - Bi-factor model
KW - Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D)
KW - Differential item functioning
KW - Health disparities
KW - Item response theory (IRT)
KW - Multiple indicator and multiple causes (MIMIC) model
KW - Older adults
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.12.007
DO - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.12.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 19211113
AN - SCOPUS:67651012652
SN - 0022-3956
VL - 43
SP - 1025
EP - 1035
JO - Journal of Psychiatric Research
JF - Journal of Psychiatric Research
IS - 12
ER -