TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of blue and violet light on polymerization shrinkage vectors of a CQ/TPO-containing composite
AU - Sampaio, Camila S.
AU - Atria, Pablo J.
AU - Rueggeberg, Frederick A.
AU - Yamaguchi, Satoshi
AU - Giannini, Marcelo
AU - Coelho, Paulo G.
AU - Hirata, Ronaldo
AU - Puppin-Rontani, Regina M.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Ivoclar Vivadent and Dr. Peter Burtscher for providing the light curing units used in this study, as well as the modified resin composite. The Tosoh Corporation is acknowledged for their donation of the zirconia fillers. Also, the authors thank funding from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel program (CAPES, grant # 1777-2014).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Academy of Dental Materials
PY - 2017/7
Y1 - 2017/7
N2 - Objective To evaluate the effect of light-curing wavelengths on composite filler particle displacement, and thus to visualize localized polymerization shrinkage in a resin-based composite (RBC) containing camphorquinone (CQ) and Lucirin TPO (TPO). Methods Three light-curing units (LCUs) were used to light-cure a RBC containing CQ and TPO: a violet-only, a blue-only, and a dual-wavelength, conventional (Polywave®, emitting violet and blue wavelengths simultaneously). Zirconia fillers were added to the RBC to act as filler particle displacement tracers. LCUs were characterized for total emitted power (mW) and spectral irradiant output (mW/cm2/nm). 2-mm high, 7-mm diameter silanized glass cylindrical specimens were filled in a single increment with the RBC, and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scans were obtained before and after light-curing, according to each LCU (n = 6). Filler particle movement identified polymerization shrinkage vectors, traced using software, at five depths (from 0 up to 2 mm): top, top-middle, middle, middle-bottom and bottom. Results Considering different RBC depths within the same LCU, use of violet-only and conventional LCUs showed filler particle movement decreased with increased depth. Blue-only LCU showed homogeneous filler particle movement along the depths. Considering the effect of different LCUs within the same depth, filler particle movement within LCUs was not statistically different until the middle of the samples (P > .05). However, at the middle-bottom and bottom depths (1.5 and 2 mm, respectively), blue-only LCU compared to violet-only LCU showed higher magnitude of displacement vector values (P < .05). Use of the conventional LCU showed filler displacement magnitudes that were not significantly different than blue-only and violet-only LCUs at any depth (P > .05). With respect to the direction of particle movement vectors, use of violet-only LCU showed a greater displacement when close to the incident violet LED; blue-only LCU showed equally distributed particle displacement values within entire depth among the samples; and the conventional LCU showed greater filler displacement closer to the blue LED locations. Significance Filler particle displacement in a RBC as a result of light-curing is related to localized application of light wavelength and total emitted power of the light emitted on the top surface of the RBC. When the violet LED is present (violet-only and conventional LCUs), filler particle displacement magnitude decreased with increased depth, while results using the blue-only LED show a more consistent pattern of displacement. Clinically, these results correlate to production of different characteristics of curing within a RBC restoration mass, depending on localized wavelengths applied to the irradiated surface.
AB - Objective To evaluate the effect of light-curing wavelengths on composite filler particle displacement, and thus to visualize localized polymerization shrinkage in a resin-based composite (RBC) containing camphorquinone (CQ) and Lucirin TPO (TPO). Methods Three light-curing units (LCUs) were used to light-cure a RBC containing CQ and TPO: a violet-only, a blue-only, and a dual-wavelength, conventional (Polywave®, emitting violet and blue wavelengths simultaneously). Zirconia fillers were added to the RBC to act as filler particle displacement tracers. LCUs were characterized for total emitted power (mW) and spectral irradiant output (mW/cm2/nm). 2-mm high, 7-mm diameter silanized glass cylindrical specimens were filled in a single increment with the RBC, and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scans were obtained before and after light-curing, according to each LCU (n = 6). Filler particle movement identified polymerization shrinkage vectors, traced using software, at five depths (from 0 up to 2 mm): top, top-middle, middle, middle-bottom and bottom. Results Considering different RBC depths within the same LCU, use of violet-only and conventional LCUs showed filler particle movement decreased with increased depth. Blue-only LCU showed homogeneous filler particle movement along the depths. Considering the effect of different LCUs within the same depth, filler particle movement within LCUs was not statistically different until the middle of the samples (P > .05). However, at the middle-bottom and bottom depths (1.5 and 2 mm, respectively), blue-only LCU compared to violet-only LCU showed higher magnitude of displacement vector values (P < .05). Use of the conventional LCU showed filler displacement magnitudes that were not significantly different than blue-only and violet-only LCUs at any depth (P > .05). With respect to the direction of particle movement vectors, use of violet-only LCU showed a greater displacement when close to the incident violet LED; blue-only LCU showed equally distributed particle displacement values within entire depth among the samples; and the conventional LCU showed greater filler displacement closer to the blue LED locations. Significance Filler particle displacement in a RBC as a result of light-curing is related to localized application of light wavelength and total emitted power of the light emitted on the top surface of the RBC. When the violet LED is present (violet-only and conventional LCUs), filler particle displacement magnitude decreased with increased depth, while results using the blue-only LED show a more consistent pattern of displacement. Clinically, these results correlate to production of different characteristics of curing within a RBC restoration mass, depending on localized wavelengths applied to the irradiated surface.
KW - Dental curing lights
KW - Light emitting diode
KW - Micro-computed tomography
KW - Non-destructive image
KW - Photopolymerization
KW - Polymerization shrinkage vectors
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U2 - 10.1016/j.dental.2017.04.010
DO - 10.1016/j.dental.2017.04.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 28522161
AN - SCOPUS:85019400351
SN - 0109-5641
VL - 33
SP - 796
EP - 804
JO - Dental Materials
JF - Dental Materials
IS - 7
ER -