TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of chromium picolinate on vascular reactivity and cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats
AU - Abebe, Worku
AU - Liu, Jun Yao
AU - Wimborne, Hereward
AU - Mozaffari, Mahmood S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institute of Health (grant no. 1R21AT003012-01A2, MSM) and the Dental Research Center of the Medical College of Georgia (WA).
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Chromium picolinate [Cr(pic)3] is a nutritional supplement widely promoted to exert beneficial metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance. Frequent comorbidities in these individuals include systemic hypertension, abnormal vascular function and ischemic heart disease, but information on the effects of the supplement on these aspects is sparse. Utilizing male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), we examined the potential impact of Cr(pic)3 on blood pressure, vascular reactivity and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Dietary Cr(pic)3 supplementation (as 10 mg chromium/kg diet for six weeks) did not affect blood pressure of the SHR. Also, neither norepinephrine (NE) and potassium chloride (KCl)-induced contractility nor sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced relaxation of aortic smooth muscle from the SHR was altered by Cr(pic)3 treatment. However, Cr(pic)3 augmented endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortas, produced by acetylcholine (ACh), and this effect was abolished by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), suggesting induction of nitric oxide (NO) production/release. Treatment with Cr(pic)3 did not affect baseline coronary flow rate and rate-pressure-product (RPP) or infarct size following regional IRI. Nonetheless, Cr(pic)3 treatment was associated with improved coronary flow and recovery of myocardial contractility and relaxation following ischemia-reperfusion insult. In conclusion, dietary Cr(pic)3 treatment of SHR alters neither blood pressure nor vascular smooth muscle reactivity but causes enhancement of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation associated with NO production/release. Additionally, while the treatment does not affect infarct size, it improves functional recovery of the viable portion of the myocardium following IRI.
AB - Chromium picolinate [Cr(pic)3] is a nutritional supplement widely promoted to exert beneficial metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance. Frequent comorbidities in these individuals include systemic hypertension, abnormal vascular function and ischemic heart disease, but information on the effects of the supplement on these aspects is sparse. Utilizing male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), we examined the potential impact of Cr(pic)3 on blood pressure, vascular reactivity and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Dietary Cr(pic)3 supplementation (as 10 mg chromium/kg diet for six weeks) did not affect blood pressure of the SHR. Also, neither norepinephrine (NE) and potassium chloride (KCl)-induced contractility nor sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced relaxation of aortic smooth muscle from the SHR was altered by Cr(pic)3 treatment. However, Cr(pic)3 augmented endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortas, produced by acetylcholine (ACh), and this effect was abolished by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), suggesting induction of nitric oxide (NO) production/release. Treatment with Cr(pic)3 did not affect baseline coronary flow rate and rate-pressure-product (RPP) or infarct size following regional IRI. Nonetheless, Cr(pic)3 treatment was associated with improved coronary flow and recovery of myocardial contractility and relaxation following ischemia-reperfusion insult. In conclusion, dietary Cr(pic)3 treatment of SHR alters neither blood pressure nor vascular smooth muscle reactivity but causes enhancement of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation associated with NO production/release. Additionally, while the treatment does not affect infarct size, it improves functional recovery of the viable portion of the myocardium following IRI.
KW - Chromium picolinate
KW - Heart
KW - Ischemia-reperfusion injury
KW - Spontaneously hypertensive rat
KW - Vascular reactivity
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U2 - 10.1016/S1734-1140(10)70324-8
DO - 10.1016/S1734-1140(10)70324-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 20885007
AN - SCOPUS:77957976572
SN - 2299-5684
VL - 62
SP - 674
EP - 682
JO - Pharmacological Reports
JF - Pharmacological Reports
IS - 4
ER -
