Exploring the dynamics of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout in family caregivers of disabled elderly: A moderated mediation analysis of social support

Objective: This study examines the interplay between compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout among family caregivers of disabled elderly individuals, focusing on the moderating role of perceived social support. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Guangzhou, China. Data were collected using the Elderly Disability Assessment Scale-Short Form, Professional Quality of Life Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Survey data were analyzed using moderated mediation regression analysis with the PROCESS macro in SPSS. Results: 264 family caregivers were included. Compassion satisfaction demonstrated a direct negative effect on compassion fatigue (β = 0.049, P < 0.001) and an indirect positive effect through burnout (β = 0.050, P < 0.001). Perceived social support moderated both the direct and indirect effects of compassion satisfaction on compassion fatigue (β = -0.003, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Interventions aimed at enhancing compassion satisfaction, mitigating burnout, and strengthening social support could potentially improve caregiver well-being.