TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV, Combination Antiretroviral Therapy, and Vascular Diseases in Men and Women
AU - Kovacs, Laszlo
AU - Kress, Taylor C.
AU - Belin de Chantemèle, Eric J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Support for this work was provided by NIH 1R01HL147639-01A1, and AHA 19EIA34760167 to Dr Belin de Chantemèle and AHA 21PRE830396 to Mr Kress. Dr Kovacs has reported that he has no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Thanks to the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) experienced a marked increase in life expectancy but are now at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the current leading cause of death in PLWH on cART. Although HIV preponderantly affects men over women, manifestations of HIV-related CVD differ by sex with women experiencing greater risks than men. Despite extensive investigation, the etiopathology of CVD, notably the respective contribution of viral infection and cART, remain ill-defined. However, both viral infection and cART have been reported to contribute to endothelial dysfunction, the precursor and major cause of atherosclerosis-associated CVD, through mechanisms involving endothelial cell activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress, all leading to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Therefore, preserving endothelial function in PLWH on cART should be a main target to reduce CVD morbidity and mortality, notably in females.
AB - Thanks to the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) experienced a marked increase in life expectancy but are now at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the current leading cause of death in PLWH on cART. Although HIV preponderantly affects men over women, manifestations of HIV-related CVD differ by sex with women experiencing greater risks than men. Despite extensive investigation, the etiopathology of CVD, notably the respective contribution of viral infection and cART, remain ill-defined. However, both viral infection and cART have been reported to contribute to endothelial dysfunction, the precursor and major cause of atherosclerosis-associated CVD, through mechanisms involving endothelial cell activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress, all leading to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Therefore, preserving endothelial function in PLWH on cART should be a main target to reduce CVD morbidity and mortality, notably in females.
KW - HIV
KW - combination antiretroviral therapy
KW - endothelial dysfunction
KW - sex differences
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.10.017
DO - 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.10.017
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85128464637
SN - 2452-302X
VL - 7
SP - 410
EP - 421
JO - JACC: Basic to Translational Science
JF - JACC: Basic to Translational Science
IS - 4
ER -