TY - JOUR
T1 - HSV1/2 genital infection in mice cause reversible delayed gastrointestinal transit
T2 - A model for enteric myopathy
AU - Chaudhury, Arun
AU - Reddy Dendi, Vijaya Sena
AU - Chaudhury, Mousumi
AU - Jain, Astha
AU - Kasarla, Madhukar Reddy
AU - Panuganti, Kiran
AU - Jain, Gaurav
AU - Ramanujam, Abhijit
AU - Rena, Bhavin
AU - Koyagura, Sudheer Reddy
AU - Fogla, Sumit
AU - Kumar, Sunil
AU - Shekhawat, Nawal Singh
AU - Maddur, Srinivas
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Chaudhury, Dendi, Chaudhury, Jain, Kasarla, Panuganti, Jain, Ramanujam, Rena, Koyagura, Fogla, Kumar, Shekhawat and Maddur.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - In an interesting investigation by Khoury-Hanold et al. (1), genital infection of mice with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) were reported to cause multiple pelvic organ involvement and obstruction. A small subset of mice succumbed after the first week of HSV1 infection. The authors inferred that the mice died due to toxic megacolon. In a severe form of mechanical and/or functional obstruction involving gross dilation of the colon and profound toxemia, the presentation is called "toxic megacolon." The representative observations by Khoury-Hanold likely do not resemble toxic megacolon. The colon was only slightly dilated and benign appearing. Importantly, HSV1 infection affected the postjunctional mechanisms of smooth muscle relaxation like the sildenafil-response proteins, which may have been responsible for defective nitrergic neurotransmission and the delayed transit. Orally administered polyethylene glycol reversed the gastrointestinal "obstruction," suggesting a mild functional type of slowed luminal transit, resembling constipation, rather than toxic megacolon, which cannot be reversed by an osmotic laxative without perforating the gut. The authors suggest that the mice did not develop HSV1 encephalitis, the commonly known cause of mortality. The premature death of some of the mice could be related to the bladder outlet obstruction, whose backflow effects may alter renal function, electrolyte abnormalities and death. Muscle strip recordings of mechanical relaxation after electrical field stimulation of gastrointestinal, urinary bladder or cavernosal tissues shall help obtain objective quantitative evidence of whether HSV infection indeed cause pelvic multi-organ dysfunction and impairment of autonomic neurotransmission and postjunctional electromechanical relaxation mechanisms of these organs.
AB - In an interesting investigation by Khoury-Hanold et al. (1), genital infection of mice with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) were reported to cause multiple pelvic organ involvement and obstruction. A small subset of mice succumbed after the first week of HSV1 infection. The authors inferred that the mice died due to toxic megacolon. In a severe form of mechanical and/or functional obstruction involving gross dilation of the colon and profound toxemia, the presentation is called "toxic megacolon." The representative observations by Khoury-Hanold likely do not resemble toxic megacolon. The colon was only slightly dilated and benign appearing. Importantly, HSV1 infection affected the postjunctional mechanisms of smooth muscle relaxation like the sildenafil-response proteins, which may have been responsible for defective nitrergic neurotransmission and the delayed transit. Orally administered polyethylene glycol reversed the gastrointestinal "obstruction," suggesting a mild functional type of slowed luminal transit, resembling constipation, rather than toxic megacolon, which cannot be reversed by an osmotic laxative without perforating the gut. The authors suggest that the mice did not develop HSV1 encephalitis, the commonly known cause of mortality. The premature death of some of the mice could be related to the bladder outlet obstruction, whose backflow effects may alter renal function, electrolyte abnormalities and death. Muscle strip recordings of mechanical relaxation after electrical field stimulation of gastrointestinal, urinary bladder or cavernosal tissues shall help obtain objective quantitative evidence of whether HSV infection indeed cause pelvic multi-organ dysfunction and impairment of autonomic neurotransmission and postjunctional electromechanical relaxation mechanisms of these organs.
KW - Enteric nervous system
KW - Guanylyl cyclase
KW - Megacolon
KW - Nitrergic neurotransmission
KW - Virus
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U2 - 10.3389/fmed.2018.00176
DO - 10.3389/fmed.2018.00176
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85054700161
SN - 2296-858X
VL - 5
JO - Frontiers in Medicine
JF - Frontiers in Medicine
M1 - 176
ER -