Imaging anatomy in revision sinus surgery

An intimate knowledge of sinus anatomy and a clear understanding of the baseline postsurgical anatomy are required for safe and effective revision sinus surgery. • Appropriate utilization of computer-assisted surgical navigation with CT crossregistration improves safety margins on revision sinus surgery. • Rhinologists should evaluate each side of the face as a completely independent anatomic, functional, and surgical entity. • Familiarity with anatomic variants in the frontal recess is required for safe anterior skull base and frontal recess surgery. • Persistent mucosal polypoid changes in a surgical site on follow-up postsurgical computed tomography, retained surgical surfaces (uncinate process, agger nasi, frontal bulla cells), or new bone formation are negative prognostic signs.