Investigation of the association between cement retention and prevalent peri-implant diseases: A cross-sectional study

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the association between retention type (cement-retained versus screwretained restorations) and prevalence of peri-implant diseases in a German university-treated population. Methods: Data were analyzed from individuals that underwent clinical and radiographic peri-implant examinations as part of a university-based cross-sectional study from September 2011 to October 2012. Results: Data from 139 individuals (mean age: 57.59 years) having 394 implants were analyzed: 192 implants supporting single crowns and 202 fixed partial dentures. Overall, 11.9% of the participants had peri-implantitis, whereas 68.9% had peri-implant mucositis. Crude odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis for cement- versus screw-retained restorations were 1.43 (0.45, 4.60) and 0.89 (0.53, 1.48), respectively. Results remained non-significant in multivariable models adjusting for type of restoration and smoking (all P values >0.50). There was also no effect of splinting restorations on disease prevalence in adjusted analyses (P values >0.32). Conclusions: In this university-treated sample, there is no association between the type of prosthesis retention and peri-implant diseases. Current findings show that, when appropriate selection and removal of cement is performed, cement retention is not a risk indicator for peri-implant diseases.