TY - JOUR
T1 - In Vivo Reprogramming for CNS Repair
T2 - Regenerating Neurons from Endogenous Glial Cells
AU - Li, Hedong
AU - Chen, Gong
N1 - Funding Information:
Due to the large amount of literature on glial cells, stem cells, and neural repair, the authors wish to apologize to the scientific colleagues whose work could not be included here due to space limitations. The work in G.C.’s lab was supported by grants from National Institute of Health (MH083911 and AG045656), Alzheimer’s Association (ZEN-15-321972), and Charles H. Smith Endowment Fund and Verne M. Willaman Endowment Fund from Penn State University. We thank Brendan Puls and Miranda Chen for proofreading the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Lei Zhang for assistance with the figures. G.C. is a founder of NeuExcell Therapeutics Inc.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2016/8/17
Y1 - 2016/8/17
N2 - Neuroregeneration in the CNS has proven to be difficult despite decades of research. The old dogma that CNS neurons cannot be regenerated in the adult mammalian brain has been overturned; however, endogenous adult neurogenesis appears to be insufficient for brain repair. Stem cell therapy once held promise for generating large quantities of neurons in the CNS, but immunorejection and long-term functional integration remain major hurdles. In this Perspective, we discuss the use of in vivo reprogramming as an emerging technology to regenerate functional neurons from endogenous glial cells inside the brain and spinal cord. Besides the CNS, in vivo reprogramming has been demonstrated successfully in the pancreas, heart, and liver and may be adopted in other organs. Although challenges remain for translating this technology into clinical therapies, we anticipate that in vivo reprogramming may revolutionize regenerative medicine by using a patient's own internal cells for tissue repair.
AB - Neuroregeneration in the CNS has proven to be difficult despite decades of research. The old dogma that CNS neurons cannot be regenerated in the adult mammalian brain has been overturned; however, endogenous adult neurogenesis appears to be insufficient for brain repair. Stem cell therapy once held promise for generating large quantities of neurons in the CNS, but immunorejection and long-term functional integration remain major hurdles. In this Perspective, we discuss the use of in vivo reprogramming as an emerging technology to regenerate functional neurons from endogenous glial cells inside the brain and spinal cord. Besides the CNS, in vivo reprogramming has been demonstrated successfully in the pancreas, heart, and liver and may be adopted in other organs. Although challenges remain for translating this technology into clinical therapies, we anticipate that in vivo reprogramming may revolutionize regenerative medicine by using a patient's own internal cells for tissue repair.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.08.004
DO - 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.08.004
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27537482
AN - SCOPUS:84991080769
SN - 0896-6273
VL - 91
SP - 728
EP - 738
JO - Neuron
JF - Neuron
IS - 4
ER -