Lichenoid reaction with granulomatous stomatitis: A retrospective histologic study of 47 patients

Mohammed Abdulelah M Bindakhil, Abdulaziz Hakeem, Mohammed Aljabri, Krunal Pachigar, Mohammed N Islam, Donald M Cohen, Sarah G Fitzpatrick

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Lichenoid granulomatous reaction can be subcategorized into lichenoid granulomatous dermatitis or lichenoid granulomatous stomatitis. It is described in the literature as demonstrating a band-like lichenoid infiltration with clusters of histiocytic or granuloma formation. In this study, we presented a large case series of lichenoid granulomatous stomatitis including demographics, histological features, and subcategories and compared findings with current literature.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrieved all cases diagnosed with lichenoid reaction with granulomatous inflammation between January 1, 2000, and August 1, 2016, from the University of Florida Oral Pathology Biopsy Service Archives.

RESULTS: A total of 47 patients with tissue from 50 biopsy sites were included. The majority of the cases were noted in females (64%) with a mean age of 59 years (range 30-88). Most patients were Caucasian, and the most common sites in descending order were: gingiva, buccal mucosa, vestibule, tongue, lip, palate, and occasional multifocal involvement. Clinical impressions by the treating clinicians included leukoplakia, dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, squamous cell carcinoma, lichen planus, vesiculobullous disease, trauma, and allergy. The histologic features of these cases ranged from lichenoid mucositis with numerous aggregates of histiocytes to well-formed granulomas, in accordance with previous classifications of similar dermatologic lesions. All cases revealed positive CD 68 in the histiocytic infiltrates and were negative for microorganisms utilizing acid-fast bacilli, Grocott methenamine-silver, and periodic acid-Schiff stains.

CONCLUSION: Lichenoid granulomatous disease may be more common than previously reported; however, its etiology remains unknown and patients should be kept under long-term clinical follow-up.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)846-854
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
Volume48
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 1 2019

Keywords

  • granulomatous inflammation
  • histiocytic lichenoid stomatitis
  • lichenoid granulomatous reaction
  • lichenoid granulomatous stomatitis
  • oral granulomatosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pathology and Forensic Medicine
  • Oral Surgery
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Cancer Research
  • Periodontics

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