Meal frequency differentially alters postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin concentrations in obese women

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare postprandial lipemia, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, and insulinemia between a three and six isocaloric high-carbohydrate meal frequency pattern in obese women. Design and Methods: In a counterbalanced order, eight obese women completed two, 12-h conditions in which they consumed 1,500 calories (14% protein, 21% fat, and 65% carbohydrate) either as three 500 calorie liquid meals every 4-h or six 250 calorie liquid meals every 2-h. Blood samples were taken every 30 min and analyzed for triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, myeloperoxidase, paraoxonase-1 activity, and insulin. Results: The TAG incremental area under the curve (iAUC) during the three meal condition (321 ± 129 mg/dl 12 h) was significantly lower (P = 0.04) compared with the six meal condition (481 ± 155 mg/dl 12 h). The insulin iAUC during the three meal condition (5,549 ± 1,007 pmol/l.12 h) was significantly higher (P = 0.05) compared with the six meal condition (4,230 ± 757 pmol/l.12 h). Meal frequency had no influence on the other biochemical variables. Conclusions: Collectively, a three and six isocaloric high-carbohydrate meal frequency pattern differentially alters postprandial TAG and insulin concentrations but has no effect on postprandial cholesterol, oxidative stress, or antioxidant activity in obese women.