TY - JOUR
T1 - Nonclassical Monocytes in Health and Disease
AU - Narasimhan, Prakash Babu
AU - Marcovecchio, Paola
AU - Hamers, Anouk A.J.
AU - Hedrick, Catherine C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health: NIH F31 HL132538 (to P.M.M.) and NIH R01 HL134236, HL118765, P01 HL055798, and P01 HL136275 (all to C.C.H.).
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2019 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/4/26
Y1 - 2019/4/26
N2 - Monocytes are innate blood cells that maintain vascular homeostasis and are early responders to pathogens in acute infections. There are three well-characterized classes of monocytes: classical (CD14+CD16- in humans and Ly6Chi in mice), intermediate (CD14+CD16+ in humans and Ly6C+Treml4+ in mice), and nonclassical (CD14-CD16+ in humans and Ly6Clo in mice). Classical monocytes are critical for the initial inflammatory response. Classical monocytes can differentiate into macrophages in tissue and can contribute to chronic disease. Nonclassical monocytes have been widely viewed as anti-inflammatory, as they maintain vascular homeostasis. They are a first line of defense in recognition and clearance of pathogens. However, their roles in chronic disease are less clear. They have been shown to be protective as well as positively associated with disease burden. This review focuses on the state of the monocyte biology field and the functions of monocytes, particularly nonclassical monocytes, in health and disease.
AB - Monocytes are innate blood cells that maintain vascular homeostasis and are early responders to pathogens in acute infections. There are three well-characterized classes of monocytes: classical (CD14+CD16- in humans and Ly6Chi in mice), intermediate (CD14+CD16+ in humans and Ly6C+Treml4+ in mice), and nonclassical (CD14-CD16+ in humans and Ly6Clo in mice). Classical monocytes are critical for the initial inflammatory response. Classical monocytes can differentiate into macrophages in tissue and can contribute to chronic disease. Nonclassical monocytes have been widely viewed as anti-inflammatory, as they maintain vascular homeostasis. They are a first line of defense in recognition and clearance of pathogens. However, their roles in chronic disease are less clear. They have been shown to be protective as well as positively associated with disease burden. This review focuses on the state of the monocyte biology field and the functions of monocytes, particularly nonclassical monocytes, in health and disease.
KW - atherosclerosis
KW - autoimmunity
KW - hematopoiesis
KW - monocytes
KW - myocardial infarction
KW - patrolling monocytes
KW - rheumatoid arthritis
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U2 - 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053119
DO - 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053119
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31026415
AN - SCOPUS:85065027203
SN - 0732-0582
VL - 37
SP - 439
EP - 456
JO - Annual Review of Immunology
JF - Annual Review of Immunology
ER -