TY - JOUR
T1 - Periodontal attachment loss attributable to cigarette smoking in an urban Brazilian population
AU - Susin, Cristiano
AU - Oppermann, Rui V.
AU - Haugejorden, Ola
AU - Albandar, Jasim M.
PY - 2004/11
Y1 - 2004/11
N2 - Aims: The present study estimated the percentages of cases with severe periodontal attachment loss (PAL) attributable to cigarette smoking in a representative adult urban population in southern Brazil. Methods: A representative sample comprising 853 dentate individuals (age: 30-103 years) was selected by a multistage, probability sampling method. A full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth was performed and an interview using a structured written questionnaire was undertaken. Cases were defined as individuals with ≥ 30% teeth with PAL ≥ 5 mm. A multivariate logistic regression analysis for complex surveys was performed, and adjusted for age, gender, race, socioeconomic status and dental calculus. Results: The prevalence of cases in this population was 49.7%, or 739,000 subjects. Overall, 50.9% of this adult population, or approximately 757,000 subjects have had a lifetime exposure to cigarette smoking. Multivariate analysis showed that heavy and moderate smokers had a significantly higher risk for PAL ≥ 5 mm than non-smokers (odds ratio = 3.6, 2.0, respectively) after adjusting for the above covariates. We estimated that the number of moderate and heavy smokers with ≥ 30% teeth with PAL ≥ 5 mm might be reduced by approximately 28% and 48%, respectively, had they not smoked cigarettes. We project that a smoking cessation program could result in a reduction in the number of cases by up to 12% in this population, or approximately 90,000 potential cases. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking was strongly associated with severe attachment loss in this population. A significant percentage of cases may have been prevented if smoking cessation interventions had been implemented. The results support the implementation of population-based smoking cessation programs to reduce the prevalence of severe attachment loss in populations with high level of smoking exposure.
AB - Aims: The present study estimated the percentages of cases with severe periodontal attachment loss (PAL) attributable to cigarette smoking in a representative adult urban population in southern Brazil. Methods: A representative sample comprising 853 dentate individuals (age: 30-103 years) was selected by a multistage, probability sampling method. A full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth was performed and an interview using a structured written questionnaire was undertaken. Cases were defined as individuals with ≥ 30% teeth with PAL ≥ 5 mm. A multivariate logistic regression analysis for complex surveys was performed, and adjusted for age, gender, race, socioeconomic status and dental calculus. Results: The prevalence of cases in this population was 49.7%, or 739,000 subjects. Overall, 50.9% of this adult population, or approximately 757,000 subjects have had a lifetime exposure to cigarette smoking. Multivariate analysis showed that heavy and moderate smokers had a significantly higher risk for PAL ≥ 5 mm than non-smokers (odds ratio = 3.6, 2.0, respectively) after adjusting for the above covariates. We estimated that the number of moderate and heavy smokers with ≥ 30% teeth with PAL ≥ 5 mm might be reduced by approximately 28% and 48%, respectively, had they not smoked cigarettes. We project that a smoking cessation program could result in a reduction in the number of cases by up to 12% in this population, or approximately 90,000 potential cases. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking was strongly associated with severe attachment loss in this population. A significant percentage of cases may have been prevented if smoking cessation interventions had been implemented. The results support the implementation of population-based smoking cessation programs to reduce the prevalence of severe attachment loss in populations with high level of smoking exposure.
KW - Attributable fraction
KW - Attributable risk
KW - Periodontal attachment loss
KW - Periodontal disease/epidemiology
KW - Risk factors
KW - Smoking
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U2 - 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00588.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00588.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 15491309
AN - SCOPUS:8344222712
SN - 0303-6979
VL - 31
SP - 951
EP - 958
JO - Journal of Clinical Periodontology
JF - Journal of Clinical Periodontology
IS - 11
ER -