TY - JOUR
T1 - Persistent Eosinophilia and Fever in Pancreatitis
T2 - A Clinical Conundrum
AU - Noel, John
AU - Fields, Abbott
AU - Rami, Arrouk
AU - Nirupma, Sharma
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Federation for Medical Research.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - A healthy 11-year-old girl presents with epigastric abdominal pain, fever, weight loss, and decreased appetite for 1 month. On physical examination, she appears ill, dehydrated, and cachectic. Her abdominal examination is significant for large ascites with a fluid wave and is nontender to palpation. Her labs show leukocytosis with an eosinophilic-predominant granulocytosis and an absolute eosinophil count of 6800/mm3. She has elevated serum inflammatory markers, hypoalbuminemia, and lipase is 5000 U/L. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) shows an irregular and dilated pancreatic duct, so she had an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with pancreatic stent placement, paracentesis, and colonoscopy. Her peritoneal fluid was significant for an eosinophilic-predominant granulocytosis with no evidence of malignancy on flow cytometry. All other studies and cultures did not reveal an etiology. She initially showed improvement, 18 days later she developed a fever, night sweats, tachycardia, and abdominal distention. Empiric antibiotics were initiated due to concern for infected pancreatic necrosis versus spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Repeat MRCP showed interval development of 2 peripancreatic fluid collections and re-accumulation of ascites. She continued to have daily fever ranging from 39°C to 40°C. Repeat paracentesis and evaluation of her peritoneal fluid showed resolution of eosinophilia with an elevated neutrophil count, negative Gram stain, and no growth on culture. She completed a 10-day course of antibiotics, however, remained febrile with elevated inflammatory markers and leukocytosis throughout her hospitalization. A genetic panel to evaluate for a hereditary cause of chronic pancreatitis was sent and returned positive for a mutation of the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1.
AB - A healthy 11-year-old girl presents with epigastric abdominal pain, fever, weight loss, and decreased appetite for 1 month. On physical examination, she appears ill, dehydrated, and cachectic. Her abdominal examination is significant for large ascites with a fluid wave and is nontender to palpation. Her labs show leukocytosis with an eosinophilic-predominant granulocytosis and an absolute eosinophil count of 6800/mm3. She has elevated serum inflammatory markers, hypoalbuminemia, and lipase is 5000 U/L. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) shows an irregular and dilated pancreatic duct, so she had an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with pancreatic stent placement, paracentesis, and colonoscopy. Her peritoneal fluid was significant for an eosinophilic-predominant granulocytosis with no evidence of malignancy on flow cytometry. All other studies and cultures did not reveal an etiology. She initially showed improvement, 18 days later she developed a fever, night sweats, tachycardia, and abdominal distention. Empiric antibiotics were initiated due to concern for infected pancreatic necrosis versus spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Repeat MRCP showed interval development of 2 peripancreatic fluid collections and re-accumulation of ascites. She continued to have daily fever ranging from 39°C to 40°C. Repeat paracentesis and evaluation of her peritoneal fluid showed resolution of eosinophilia with an elevated neutrophil count, negative Gram stain, and no growth on culture. She completed a 10-day course of antibiotics, however, remained febrile with elevated inflammatory markers and leukocytosis throughout her hospitalization. A genetic panel to evaluate for a hereditary cause of chronic pancreatitis was sent and returned positive for a mutation of the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1.
KW - antibiotic prophylaxis
KW - pancreatitis
KW - serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1)
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U2 - 10.1177/23247096221104465
DO - 10.1177/23247096221104465
M3 - Article
C2 - 35723281
AN - SCOPUS:85132270524
SN - 2324-7096
VL - 10
JO - Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
JF - Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
ER -