TY - JOUR
T1 - Prognostic impact of natural killer cell recovery on minimal residual disease after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma
AU - Keruakous, Amany R.
AU - Asch, Adam
AU - Aljumaily, Raid
AU - Zhao, Daniel
AU - Yuen, Carrie
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Introduction: Natural killer cells are a potent effector lymphocyte subset that can induce cytotoxicity without the need for antigen sensitization or presentation. NK cells are a tempting target –for immune therapy, monoclonal antibody, or genetic engineering-to enhance immune surveillance mechanisms against myeloma cells. Materials and methods: We hypothesized an association between natural killer cell recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and disease outcomes in multiple myeloma patients. We concluded a prospective study that started enrolling patients in January 2020 to identify the association between absolute NK cell count two to three after ASCT and disease outcomes after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Natural killer cell recovery was evaluated during the third month after ASCT, day +60 to +90 post-ASCT. Our patients had a mean NK cell count of 90.53, ranging from 14 to 282 Cell/μL (Std Dev 84.64 Cell/μL). The odds of having a minimal residual disease (MRD-positivity) among patients with partial remission before transplantation is four times higher than patients with very good partial response or better (95% confidence interval 0.45–35.79). Our patients were classified into two groups based on MRD status after ASCT, an MRD-negative group of eight participants and an MRD-positive group of seven participants. The mean absolute NK cell count was significantly higher in the MRD-negative cohort, 131.38 Cell/μL, versus 43.86 Cell/μL in the MRD-positive group (p = 0.049). Conclusion: We conclude that for multiple myeloma patients treated with ASCT, high absolute NK cell counts two to three months after ASCT is an independent predictor for MRD negativity.
AB - Introduction: Natural killer cells are a potent effector lymphocyte subset that can induce cytotoxicity without the need for antigen sensitization or presentation. NK cells are a tempting target –for immune therapy, monoclonal antibody, or genetic engineering-to enhance immune surveillance mechanisms against myeloma cells. Materials and methods: We hypothesized an association between natural killer cell recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and disease outcomes in multiple myeloma patients. We concluded a prospective study that started enrolling patients in January 2020 to identify the association between absolute NK cell count two to three after ASCT and disease outcomes after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Natural killer cell recovery was evaluated during the third month after ASCT, day +60 to +90 post-ASCT. Our patients had a mean NK cell count of 90.53, ranging from 14 to 282 Cell/μL (Std Dev 84.64 Cell/μL). The odds of having a minimal residual disease (MRD-positivity) among patients with partial remission before transplantation is four times higher than patients with very good partial response or better (95% confidence interval 0.45–35.79). Our patients were classified into two groups based on MRD status after ASCT, an MRD-negative group of eight participants and an MRD-positive group of seven participants. The mean absolute NK cell count was significantly higher in the MRD-negative cohort, 131.38 Cell/μL, versus 43.86 Cell/μL in the MRD-positive group (p = 0.049). Conclusion: We conclude that for multiple myeloma patients treated with ASCT, high absolute NK cell counts two to three months after ASCT is an independent predictor for MRD negativity.
KW - Immune reconstitution
KW - Immuno-oncology
KW - Multiple myeloma
KW - Natural killer cells (NK cells)
KW - Stem cell transplantation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101544
DO - 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101544
M3 - Article
C2 - 35093506
AN - SCOPUS:85123775613
SN - 0966-3274
VL - 71
JO - Transplant Immunology
JF - Transplant Immunology
M1 - 101544
ER -