TY - JOUR
T1 - Prostaglandin D2 inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in MDCK cells
AU - Zhang, Aihua
AU - Dong, Zheng
AU - Yang, Tianxin
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - In a separate study, we identified PGE2 as a potent inhibitor of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells (Zhang A, Wang M-H, Dong Z, and Yang T. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 291: F1323-F1331, 2006). This finding prompted us to examine the roles of other prostanoids: PGD2, PGF 2α, PGI2, and thromboxane A2 (TXA 2). Treatment with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 3 days induced EMT as reflected by conversion to the spindle-like morphology, loss of E-cadherin, and activation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Treatment with PGD2 remarkably preserved the epithelial-like morphology, restored the expression of E-cadherin, and abolished the activation of α-SMA. In contrast, PGF2α, carbocyclic thromboxane A2, PGI2 and its stable analog beraprost were without an effect. MDCK cells expressed DP1 and DP2 receptors; however, the effect of PGD2 was neither prevented by DP1 antagonist BW-A868C or DP2 antagonist BAY-u3405 nor was mimicked by DP1 agonist BW-245C. cAMP-elevating agents forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP blocked EMT. However, cAMP blockers H89 and Rp-cAMP failed to block the effect of PGD2. PGD2 did not seem to act via its metabolites as 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) levels in the medium following incubation with 3 μM PGD2 were well below the values predicted from the cross activity of the assay. Exposure to TGF-β1 induced a threefold increase in reactive oxygen species production that was completely abolished by PGD2. We conclude that 1) PGD2, but not PGI2, PGF2α, and TXA 2 inhibit EMT, 2) PGD2 inhibits EMT independently of DP1 and DP2 receptors, and 3) PGD2 exhibits antioxidant property which may, in part, account for the antifibrotic action of this PG.
AB - In a separate study, we identified PGE2 as a potent inhibitor of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells (Zhang A, Wang M-H, Dong Z, and Yang T. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 291: F1323-F1331, 2006). This finding prompted us to examine the roles of other prostanoids: PGD2, PGF 2α, PGI2, and thromboxane A2 (TXA 2). Treatment with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 3 days induced EMT as reflected by conversion to the spindle-like morphology, loss of E-cadherin, and activation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Treatment with PGD2 remarkably preserved the epithelial-like morphology, restored the expression of E-cadherin, and abolished the activation of α-SMA. In contrast, PGF2α, carbocyclic thromboxane A2, PGI2 and its stable analog beraprost were without an effect. MDCK cells expressed DP1 and DP2 receptors; however, the effect of PGD2 was neither prevented by DP1 antagonist BW-A868C or DP2 antagonist BAY-u3405 nor was mimicked by DP1 agonist BW-245C. cAMP-elevating agents forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP blocked EMT. However, cAMP blockers H89 and Rp-cAMP failed to block the effect of PGD2. PGD2 did not seem to act via its metabolites as 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) levels in the medium following incubation with 3 μM PGD2 were well below the values predicted from the cross activity of the assay. Exposure to TGF-β1 induced a threefold increase in reactive oxygen species production that was completely abolished by PGD2. We conclude that 1) PGD2, but not PGI2, PGF2α, and TXA 2 inhibit EMT, 2) PGD2 inhibits EMT independently of DP1 and DP2 receptors, and 3) PGD2 exhibits antioxidant property which may, in part, account for the antifibrotic action of this PG.
KW - Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Transforming growth factor-β
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U2 - 10.1152/ajprenal.00131.2006
DO - 10.1152/ajprenal.00131.2006
M3 - Article
C2 - 16896186
AN - SCOPUS:33845365825
SN - 0363-6127
VL - 291
SP - F1332-F1342
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology
IS - 6
ER -