TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychopathy and callous-unemotional traits in adolescence
T2 - A systematic review of cultural inclusion and meta-analysis of fMRI neural correlates
AU - Nelson Aguiar, Rebecca J.
AU - Vitacco, Michael J
AU - Porter Staats, Megan L.
AU - Dzurny, Tess
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
PY - 2023/5/1
Y1 - 2023/5/1
N2 - Objectives: The past 15 years has witnessed an increase in neuroimaging examining individuals with psychopathic traits, including adolescent populations. Neuroimaging findings have identified a wide range of structural and functional abnormalities associated with psychopathy or callous-unemotional (CU) traits that have lacked consistency. Even with this increase in attention, neuroimaging research on psychopathy has not given proper attention to the role of cultural factors as a source of heterogeneous findings. Aims: Accordingly, the present study is a systematic review and coordinate based meta-analysis (CBMA) that seeks to add to the existing literature in two important ways. First, by focusing exclusively on the consistency of neuroimaging outcomes for adolescents with psychopathy/CU traits, and second, by reporting the prevalence of cultural group inclusion within this body of research. Methods: The systematic review consisted of 52 articles, published or authored prior to June 2021, 19 of which met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Results: Out of the 52 adolescent articles, 98% reported the gender makeup of their sample; however, most articles reported only the number of male adolescents in their sample. Most articles (61.5%) reported at least one racial/ethnic group membership for their sample; however, almost 40% of articles did not report any information regarding the race/ethnicity of their sample. Three articles reported neuroimaging results for female participants and no articles reported results for racial/ethnic minority group members. Meta-analytic results revealed adolescents with psychopathy/CU traits had decreased brain activity in the anterior cingulate, insula, thalamus/hypothalamus, and increased activity in the prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: To our knowledge, the present study is the only systematic review of cultural inclusion and meta-analysis of functional neural correlates within neuroimaging research on adolescents with psychopathy/CU traits. Results highlight several important implications and areas for future direction for the improvement of cultural inclusion within neuroimaging research and its incorporation into the courtroom.
AB - Objectives: The past 15 years has witnessed an increase in neuroimaging examining individuals with psychopathic traits, including adolescent populations. Neuroimaging findings have identified a wide range of structural and functional abnormalities associated with psychopathy or callous-unemotional (CU) traits that have lacked consistency. Even with this increase in attention, neuroimaging research on psychopathy has not given proper attention to the role of cultural factors as a source of heterogeneous findings. Aims: Accordingly, the present study is a systematic review and coordinate based meta-analysis (CBMA) that seeks to add to the existing literature in two important ways. First, by focusing exclusively on the consistency of neuroimaging outcomes for adolescents with psychopathy/CU traits, and second, by reporting the prevalence of cultural group inclusion within this body of research. Methods: The systematic review consisted of 52 articles, published or authored prior to June 2021, 19 of which met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Results: Out of the 52 adolescent articles, 98% reported the gender makeup of their sample; however, most articles reported only the number of male adolescents in their sample. Most articles (61.5%) reported at least one racial/ethnic group membership for their sample; however, almost 40% of articles did not report any information regarding the race/ethnicity of their sample. Three articles reported neuroimaging results for female participants and no articles reported results for racial/ethnic minority group members. Meta-analytic results revealed adolescents with psychopathy/CU traits had decreased brain activity in the anterior cingulate, insula, thalamus/hypothalamus, and increased activity in the prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: To our knowledge, the present study is the only systematic review of cultural inclusion and meta-analysis of functional neural correlates within neuroimaging research on adolescents with psychopathy/CU traits. Results highlight several important implications and areas for future direction for the improvement of cultural inclusion within neuroimaging research and its incorporation into the courtroom.
KW - Adolescent psychopathy neuroimaging
KW - Cultural inclusion
KW - Racial/ethnic and gender underrepresentation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102067
DO - 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102067
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85154564895
SN - 0047-2352
VL - 86
JO - Journal of Criminal Justice
JF - Journal of Criminal Justice
M1 - 102067
ER -