TY - JOUR
T1 - Rates of hepatitis B and C in patients with schizophrenia
T2 - A meta-analysis
AU - Lluch, Emily
AU - Miller, Brian J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Ms. Lluch has nothing to disclose. Dr. Miller has nothing to disclose for this study. In the past 12 months, Dr. Miller received research support from the National Institute of Mental Health , NARSAD , the Stanley Medical Research Institute , ACADIA , Alkermes , and Augusta University ; and Honoraria from Psychiatric Times.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - Objective: Schizophrenia is associated with increased infectious disease comorbidity and mortality. Individuals with schizophrenia have increased risk of infectious hepatitis, potentially due to substance use comorbidity, sexual behaviors, and immunologic factors. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between schizophrenia and hepatitis B and C. Method: We searched major electronic databases from inception until January 2019 for prevalence and case-control studies of infectious hepatitis in patients with schizophrenia. Random effects meta-analyses calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for case-controls studies, prevalence and 95% CIs, and meta-regression analyses were performed. Results: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. In case-control studies, there was an over 3-fold increased odds of hepatitis C in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 3.29, 95% CI 1.50–7.23, p = 0.003), and a prevalence of 6% (ES = 0.06, 95% CI 0.04–0.08). In case-control studies, there was an over 2-fold increased odds of hepatitis B in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.61–3.47, p < 0.001) and a prevalence of 7% (ES = 0.07, 95% CI 0.03–0.11). Conclusion: We found an approximately 3-fold increased odds of hepatitis B and C in patients with schizophrenia. This association may be due to an increased prevalence of environmental risk factors, increased susceptibility to infections, or both. Findings suggest that screening for infectious hepatitis may be germane to the clinical care of patients with schizophrenia and relevant risk factors.
AB - Objective: Schizophrenia is associated with increased infectious disease comorbidity and mortality. Individuals with schizophrenia have increased risk of infectious hepatitis, potentially due to substance use comorbidity, sexual behaviors, and immunologic factors. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between schizophrenia and hepatitis B and C. Method: We searched major electronic databases from inception until January 2019 for prevalence and case-control studies of infectious hepatitis in patients with schizophrenia. Random effects meta-analyses calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for case-controls studies, prevalence and 95% CIs, and meta-regression analyses were performed. Results: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. In case-control studies, there was an over 3-fold increased odds of hepatitis C in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 3.29, 95% CI 1.50–7.23, p = 0.003), and a prevalence of 6% (ES = 0.06, 95% CI 0.04–0.08). In case-control studies, there was an over 2-fold increased odds of hepatitis B in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.61–3.47, p < 0.001) and a prevalence of 7% (ES = 0.07, 95% CI 0.03–0.11). Conclusion: We found an approximately 3-fold increased odds of hepatitis B and C in patients with schizophrenia. This association may be due to an increased prevalence of environmental risk factors, increased susceptibility to infections, or both. Findings suggest that screening for infectious hepatitis may be germane to the clinical care of patients with schizophrenia and relevant risk factors.
KW - Hepatitis
KW - Infection
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Psychosis
KW - Schizophrenia
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U2 - 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.10.007
DO - 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.10.007
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31710857
AN - SCOPUS:85074474587
SN - 0163-8343
VL - 61
SP - 41
EP - 46
JO - General Hospital Psychiatry
JF - General Hospital Psychiatry
ER -