Abstract
Aldosterone represents the major mineralocorticoid hormone in all mammals. It is synthesized in the outer layer of the adrenal cortex, called the zona glomerulosa, and plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis, through the absorption of sodium and water. Aldosterone production is tightly regulated through the selective expression in the zona glomerulosa of CYP11B2, encoding aldosterone synthase, and the centripetal blood flow in the adrenal cortex, which prevents the precursors of aldosterone in the zona fasciculata from accessing aldosterone synthase. The main physiological stimuli of aldosterone secretion are angiotensin II, potassium, and adrenocorticotropin. Aldosterone production can be regulated acutely (within minutes of stimulation), by increased expression and phosphorylation of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), and chronically (hours to days) through increased expression of CYP11B2.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Textbook of Nephro-Endocrinology |
Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
Pages | 429-449 |
Number of pages | 21 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780128032473 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2009 |
Keywords
- Aldosterone
- Angiotensin II
- ATP1A1
- ATP2B3
- CACNA1D
- CYP11B2
- KCNJ5
- Phospholipase C
- Phospholipase D
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine