TY - JOUR
T1 - Renoprotective effects of chronic candesartan treatment in uninephrectomized rat
AU - Mozaffari, Mahmood S
AU - Patel, Kashyap B.
AU - Schaffer, Stephen W.
PY - 2003/1/1
Y1 - 2003/1/1
N2 - The authors recently observed an age-dependent reduction in the diuretic and natriuretic responses to plasma volume expansion in uninephrectomized control and glucose-intolerant rats. To determine the involvement of angiotensin II AT1 receptors in this phenomenon, the authors tested the hypothesis that chronic candesartan treatment preserves renal excretory function in the uninephrectomized rat. Control and glucose-intolerant rats underwent right nephrectomy at 4 weeks of age. Two weeks later, the animals in each group were further subdivided and maintained on tap water containing either candesartan cilexetil (10 mg · kg-1 · day-1) or vehicle. Renal excretory responses to acute extracellular fluid volume expansion (5% of body weight over 30 min) were determined in the 9-month-old conscious animal. Candesartan treatment markedly reduced the mean arterial pressure of controls and glucose-intolerant rats. Nonetheless, the baseline rates of fluid and electrolyte excretion, as well as the saline volume-induced diuretic, natriuretic, and kaliuretic responses, were greater in the candesartan-treated rats than in their vehicle-treated counterparts. The augmented baseline rates of fluid and sodium excretion in candesartan-treated rats were caused by a reduction in tubular reabsorption activity and an increase in glomerular filtration rate. However, the candesartan-mediated enhancement in saline volume-induced diuresis and natriuresis was caused by a reduction in tubular reabsorption activity. In addition to improving renal function, candesartan treatment reduced proteinuria in both groups. In conclusion, chronic blockade of the angiotensin II receptors exerts hypotensive and renoprotective effects in the aging uninephrectomized rat.
AB - The authors recently observed an age-dependent reduction in the diuretic and natriuretic responses to plasma volume expansion in uninephrectomized control and glucose-intolerant rats. To determine the involvement of angiotensin II AT1 receptors in this phenomenon, the authors tested the hypothesis that chronic candesartan treatment preserves renal excretory function in the uninephrectomized rat. Control and glucose-intolerant rats underwent right nephrectomy at 4 weeks of age. Two weeks later, the animals in each group were further subdivided and maintained on tap water containing either candesartan cilexetil (10 mg · kg-1 · day-1) or vehicle. Renal excretory responses to acute extracellular fluid volume expansion (5% of body weight over 30 min) were determined in the 9-month-old conscious animal. Candesartan treatment markedly reduced the mean arterial pressure of controls and glucose-intolerant rats. Nonetheless, the baseline rates of fluid and electrolyte excretion, as well as the saline volume-induced diuretic, natriuretic, and kaliuretic responses, were greater in the candesartan-treated rats than in their vehicle-treated counterparts. The augmented baseline rates of fluid and sodium excretion in candesartan-treated rats were caused by a reduction in tubular reabsorption activity and an increase in glomerular filtration rate. However, the candesartan-mediated enhancement in saline volume-induced diuresis and natriuresis was caused by a reduction in tubular reabsorption activity. In addition to improving renal function, candesartan treatment reduced proteinuria in both groups. In conclusion, chronic blockade of the angiotensin II receptors exerts hypotensive and renoprotective effects in the aging uninephrectomized rat.
KW - Candesartan
KW - Diuresis
KW - Glucose intolerance
KW - Natriuresis
KW - Uninephrectomy
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U2 - 10.1097/00005344-200301000-00011
DO - 10.1097/00005344-200301000-00011
M3 - Article
C2 - 12500025
AN - SCOPUS:0037214301
SN - 0160-2446
VL - 41
SP - 81
EP - 88
JO - Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
IS - 1
ER -