Retinoids: Pleiotropic agents of therapy for vascular diseases?

Jeffrey W. Streb, Joseph M. Miano

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

Retinoids, the natural and synthetic derivatives of vitamin A, exert broad biological effects and have been used clinically to treat a variety of dermatological and neoplastic diseases. The principal mode of action of many retinoids is through the binding and activation of a family of nuclear receptors that modulate gene transcription. Recent evidence demonstrates that retinoids effectively attenuate experimental vessel wall narrowing due to atherosclerosis, post-balloon injury stenosis, and bypass graft failure. Moreover, retinoids promote a differentiated phenotype in smooth muscle cells (SMC) which, unlike other muscle types, is not fixed and is subject to considerable modulation in disease states. A growing number of in vitro studies have reported desirable effects of retinoids on cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, matrix remodeling, fibrinolysis, coagulation, and inflammation, all of which impinge on vascular disease. Since vascular SMC and endothelial cells (EC) express most retinoid receptors, the mechanisms underlying retinoid-mediated events in these cells and the vessel wall likely relate to an altered transcriptome. In fact, there is a growing list of retinoid-response genes encoding proteins that likely mediate the actions of retinoids. Retinoid-response genes, therefore, represent promising targets of therapy for the refined treatment of vascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize the emerging importance of retinoids in the control of vascular cell responses with special emphasis on potential mechanisms underlying retinoid-induced changes in the vessel wall following injury. Given the similarities in the pathogenesis of neoplasia and vascular disease, it is reasonable to consider testing the efficacy of retinoids for the treatment of human vascular disease.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)31-57
Number of pages27
JournalCurrent Drug Targets - Cardiovascular and Haematological Disorders
Volume3
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2003
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Differentiation
  • Endothelial cell
  • Inflammation
  • Receptor
  • Restenosis
  • Retinoic acid
  • Smooth muscle
  • Thrombosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Retinoids: Pleiotropic agents of therapy for vascular diseases?'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this