TY - JOUR
T1 - The association of race and sex to the pressure natriuresis response to stress
AU - Harshfield, Gregory A.
AU - Hanevold, Coral
AU - Kapuku, Gaston K.
AU - Dong, Yanbin
AU - Castles, Martha E.
AU - Ludwig, David A.
PY - 2007/6
Y1 - 2007/6
N2 - Objective: Sympathetic nervous system activation promoting sodium retention has long been recognized to play a significant role in the development and maintenance of salt-sensitive hypertension. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of race and sex on the pressure natriuresis response to prolonged behavioral stress in youth. Methods: The 190 subjects included 94 boys (41 African American, 53 Caucasian) and 96 girls (44 African American, 52 Caucasian) of similar age (17-19 years). The stress test was composed of a one hour competitive video game task preceded and followed by two-hour rest periods. Blood pressure (BP) was obtained at 15 minute intervals and sodium excretion (UNaV) was measured hourly. The general linear model was used to model the effects of race, sex, and their interaction on the variables of interest. Results: Caucasians, compared to African Americans, had a greater change in UNaV (F[1,183]=5.28, P=.0227), as did boys compared to girls (F[1,183]=5.72, P=.0178), with no interaction between race and sex. The race-by-sex interaction was significant for the change in systolic BP (F[1,183]=5.66, P=.0184), with Caucasian girls showing a smaller change than the other three race/sex groups. Conclusion: African Americans have a reduced natriuretic response to stress, which may be a marker or mechanism for the development of salt-sensitive hypertension in this population. The race difference within girls is of interest and requires further investigation.
AB - Objective: Sympathetic nervous system activation promoting sodium retention has long been recognized to play a significant role in the development and maintenance of salt-sensitive hypertension. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of race and sex on the pressure natriuresis response to prolonged behavioral stress in youth. Methods: The 190 subjects included 94 boys (41 African American, 53 Caucasian) and 96 girls (44 African American, 52 Caucasian) of similar age (17-19 years). The stress test was composed of a one hour competitive video game task preceded and followed by two-hour rest periods. Blood pressure (BP) was obtained at 15 minute intervals and sodium excretion (UNaV) was measured hourly. The general linear model was used to model the effects of race, sex, and their interaction on the variables of interest. Results: Caucasians, compared to African Americans, had a greater change in UNaV (F[1,183]=5.28, P=.0227), as did boys compared to girls (F[1,183]=5.72, P=.0178), with no interaction between race and sex. The race-by-sex interaction was significant for the change in systolic BP (F[1,183]=5.66, P=.0184), with Caucasian girls showing a smaller change than the other three race/sex groups. Conclusion: African Americans have a reduced natriuretic response to stress, which may be a marker or mechanism for the development of salt-sensitive hypertension in this population. The race difference within girls is of interest and requires further investigation.
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Hypertension
KW - Natriuresis
KW - Race
KW - Sex
KW - Sodium
KW - Stress
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M3 - Article
C2 - 17985504
AN - SCOPUS:35349003710
SN - 1049-510X
VL - 17
SP - 498
EP - 502
JO - Ethnicity and Disease
JF - Ethnicity and Disease
IS - 3
ER -