TY - JOUR
T1 - The roles of vitamin D in skeletal muscle
T2 - Form, function, and metabolism
AU - Girgis, Christian M.
AU - Clifton-Bligh, Roderick J.
AU - Hamrick, Mark W.
AU - Holick, Michael F.
AU - Gunton, Jenny E.
PY - 2013/2
Y1 - 2013/2
N2 - Beyond its established role in bone and mineral homeostasis, there is emerging evidence that vitamin D exerts a range of effects in skeletal muscle. Reports of profound muscle weakness and changes in the muscle morphology of adults with vitamin D deficiency have long been described. These reports have been supplemented by numerous trials assessing the impact of vitamin D on muscle strength and mass and falls in predominantly elderly and deficient populations. At a basic level, animal models have confirmed that vitamin D deficiency and congenital aberrations in the vitamin D endocrine system may result in muscle weakness. To explain these effects, some molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D impacts on muscle cell differentiation, intracellular calcium handling, and genomic activity have been elucidated. There are also suggestions that vitamin D alters muscle metabolism, specifically its sensitivity to insulin, which is a pertinent feature in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We will review the range of human clinical, animal, and cell studies that address the impact of vitamin D in skeletal muscle, and discuss the controversial issues. This is a vibrant field of researchandonethat continues to extend the frontiers ofknowledgeof vitamin D's broad functional repertoire.
AB - Beyond its established role in bone and mineral homeostasis, there is emerging evidence that vitamin D exerts a range of effects in skeletal muscle. Reports of profound muscle weakness and changes in the muscle morphology of adults with vitamin D deficiency have long been described. These reports have been supplemented by numerous trials assessing the impact of vitamin D on muscle strength and mass and falls in predominantly elderly and deficient populations. At a basic level, animal models have confirmed that vitamin D deficiency and congenital aberrations in the vitamin D endocrine system may result in muscle weakness. To explain these effects, some molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D impacts on muscle cell differentiation, intracellular calcium handling, and genomic activity have been elucidated. There are also suggestions that vitamin D alters muscle metabolism, specifically its sensitivity to insulin, which is a pertinent feature in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We will review the range of human clinical, animal, and cell studies that address the impact of vitamin D in skeletal muscle, and discuss the controversial issues. This is a vibrant field of researchandonethat continues to extend the frontiers ofknowledgeof vitamin D's broad functional repertoire.
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U2 - 10.1210/er.2012-1012
DO - 10.1210/er.2012-1012
M3 - Review article
C2 - 23169676
AN - SCOPUS:84874368830
SN - 0163-769X
VL - 34
SP - 33
EP - 83
JO - Endocrine Reviews
JF - Endocrine Reviews
IS - 1
ER -