Engineering & Materials Science
Erbium
100%
Ions
58%
Copper
52%
Glass
50%
Hot Temperature
30%
Doping (additives)
28%
Optical band gaps
25%
Infrared radiation
22%
Red Shift
21%
Photoluminescence
20%
Light absorption
19%
Luminescence
18%
Raman scattering
18%
Copper oxides
18%
Calorimetry
16%
Photovoltaic cells
15%
Energy transfer
14%
Photonics
14%
Glass transition
14%
Superconducting transition temperature
13%
Telecommunication
12%
Oxidation
11%
Lasers
9%
Physics & Astronomy
erbium
61%
copper
45%
glass
36%
characterization
35%
ions
29%
excitation
18%
photovoltaic cells
15%
copper oxides
14%
red shift
13%
glass transition temperature
12%
telecommunication
11%
heat measurement
11%
optical absorption
10%
energy transfer
10%
Raman spectra
9%
luminescence
9%
oxidation
9%
preparation
9%
synthesis
9%
photoluminescence
8%
photonics
8%
evaluation
8%
kinetics
7%
decay
7%
matrices
7%
lasers
5%
Chemical Compounds
Erbium
80%
Glass
44%
Ion
25%
Nonradiative Energy Transfer
17%
Copper Oxide
14%
Absorptivity
12%
Calorimetry
12%
Glass Transition Temperature
10%
Photoluminescence
9%
Band Gap
9%
Luminiscence Type
9%
Red
8%
Oxidation Reaction
5%
Application
4%