A mechanistic analysis of gingival fluid production

A mechanistic evaluation of gingival fluid is presented in an effort to identify the important physiologic variables that must be measured before one can define the exact mechanism(s) of gingival fluid production. This approach evaluates the Starling factors governing fluid distribution across capillaries by modifying these concepts to fit the unique structures, environment, and functional demands of tissues in and around the gingival sulcus. Many assumptions are made to simplify arguments and to approximate unknowns. Suggestions are made regarding techniques and experimental methods that might be employed to evaluate several important variables. Gingival fluid production is viewed as the result of an increased rate of capillary transudation brought about by the release of mediators of inflammation. These agents are thought to cause both increased capillary pressure and increased leakage of plasma proteins into the interstitial fluid. It is postulated that the low compliance of gingival tissue and the high hydraulic conductance of sulcular epithelium result in this interstitial fluid moving from connective tissue into the sulcus.