A prototype ultrasound-guided laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation system

Background: Advanced laparoscopic procedures, particularly laparoscopic liver resection and ablation, may benefit from image-guided surgery techniques that involve interactive three-dimensional imaging and instrument tracking. Methods: A prototype system for laparoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation was designed and implemented. This system uses an infrared camera to track instruments and runs on a personal computer. Features of the system include spatially registered ultrasound visualization, volume reconstruction, and interactive targeting. Targeting of accuracy studies was performed by directing a tracked needle to a phantom target. Results: Ultrasound data collection and volume reconstruction can be achieved within minutes and interactively reviewed by the surgeon. Early results with phantom experiments demonstrate a targeting accuracy of 5 to 10 mm. Conclusions: These results support the further development of this and similar image-guided surgery systems for specific laparoscopic procedures. Eventually, rigorous clinical evaluation will be necessary to prove their value.