Anemia.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review the current knowledge of anemia associated with cancer management and nursing interventions. DATA SOURCES: Published theory, research, and clinical practice sources. DATA SYNTHESIS: Anemia often is overlooked as a priority associated with quality patient care. The diagnosis of cancer and associated treatments magnify the incidence of anemia among the cancer population. Untreated anemia negatively affects the success of radiation therapy, activities of daily living, quality of life, and morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the underlying cause(s) of anemia in patients with cancer is critical to positive care outcomes and requires early nursing assessment and interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses play a critical role in maintaining and improving well-being and quality of life of patients at risk for anemia by understanding erythropoiesis, pathophysiology, nursing assessment (including laboratory data assessment), and nursing interventions related to anemia.