TY - JOUR
T1 - In vitro efficacy of commercial and experimental proteolytic enzyme-based whitening dentifrices on enamel whitening and superficial roughness
AU - Schwarzbold, Christian Gonçalves
AU - Cuevas-Suárez, Carlos Enrique
AU - Pacheco, Rafael Rocha
AU - Ribeiro, Juliana Silva
AU - Carreño, Neftali Lenin Villarreal
AU - Lund, Rafael Guerra
AU - Piva, Evandro
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was financed in part by the Coordenacão de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES). Author Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez would like to thank PRODEP, México (Process number 511-6/19-8848).The authors do not have any financial interest in any of the companies whose products are included in this article.
Funding Information:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Grant/Award Number: 11213/2019‐7; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Grant/Award Number: 88887.468415/2019‐00; Coordenacão de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES), Grant/Award Number: 88887.310585/2018‐00 Funding information
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Objective: To evaluate the whiteness index (WID) and surface roughness (Ra) of bovine enamel after simulated tooth brushing with different commercial and experimental whitening dentifrices. Materials and Methods: Cylindrical enamel bovine specimens were acid etched, stained, and divided in nine groups (n = 8): Colgate® Optic White®, Crest® Baking Soda and Peroxide, Arm and Hammer® Advanced White™ Extreme Whitening, Rembrandt® Deeply White® + Peroxide, Close up® White Attraction Natural Glow, Hinode Prowhite, and experimental dentifrice containing papain (PP), bromelain (PB), or papain and bromelain (PPB). Ra and WID were obtained initially and after 600, 1200, and 3,600 cycles of simulated tooth brushing. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance test (α = 0.05). Results: Ra was significantly influenced by both dentifrice (p = 0.043) and period of tooth-brushing simulation (p < 0.001). Except for PP and PPB, all groups showed a statistically significant increase in Ra after simulated tooth brushing. After staining and brushing, none of the materials tested increased the initial WID. Conclusions: The effect of commercial whitening dentifrices may be related to their high abrasiveness. Experimental formulations tested provided a similar effect without undesired wear of enamel. Whitening dentifrices only act through an abrasive effect rather than bleaching the tooth structures. When used, special care must be taken for avoid undesired wear of enamel. Experimental dentifrices provided similar removal of extrinsic stains without undesired abrasiveness; however, this effect may be due to the use of less aggressive abrasives in their formulations.
AB - Objective: To evaluate the whiteness index (WID) and surface roughness (Ra) of bovine enamel after simulated tooth brushing with different commercial and experimental whitening dentifrices. Materials and Methods: Cylindrical enamel bovine specimens were acid etched, stained, and divided in nine groups (n = 8): Colgate® Optic White®, Crest® Baking Soda and Peroxide, Arm and Hammer® Advanced White™ Extreme Whitening, Rembrandt® Deeply White® + Peroxide, Close up® White Attraction Natural Glow, Hinode Prowhite, and experimental dentifrice containing papain (PP), bromelain (PB), or papain and bromelain (PPB). Ra and WID were obtained initially and after 600, 1200, and 3,600 cycles of simulated tooth brushing. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance test (α = 0.05). Results: Ra was significantly influenced by both dentifrice (p = 0.043) and period of tooth-brushing simulation (p < 0.001). Except for PP and PPB, all groups showed a statistically significant increase in Ra after simulated tooth brushing. After staining and brushing, none of the materials tested increased the initial WID. Conclusions: The effect of commercial whitening dentifrices may be related to their high abrasiveness. Experimental formulations tested provided a similar effect without undesired wear of enamel. Whitening dentifrices only act through an abrasive effect rather than bleaching the tooth structures. When used, special care must be taken for avoid undesired wear of enamel. Experimental dentifrices provided similar removal of extrinsic stains without undesired abrasiveness; however, this effect may be due to the use of less aggressive abrasives in their formulations.
KW - bleaching
KW - color science
KW - dental materials
KW - erosion
KW - laboratory technology
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U2 - 10.1111/jerd.12690
DO - 10.1111/jerd.12690
M3 - Article
C2 - 33615676
AN - SCOPUS:85097094257
SN - 1496-4155
VL - 33
SP - 849
EP - 855
JO - Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry
JF - Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry
IS - 6
ER -