TY - JOUR
T1 - Oleic acid, cholesterol, and linoleic acid as angiogenesis initiators
AU - Samson, Faith Pwaniyibo
AU - Patrick, Ambrose Teru
AU - Fabunmi, Tosin Esther
AU - Yahaya, Muhammad Falalu
AU - Madu, Joshua
AU - He, Weilue
AU - Sripathi, Srinivas R.
AU - Tyndall, Jennifer
AU - Raji, Hayatu
AU - Jee, Donghyun
AU - Gutsaeva, Diana R.
AU - Jahng, Wan Jin
N1 - Funding Information:
The current research was supported in part by Research Assistantship and Teaching Assistantship from the American University of Nigeria and Julia Foundation. The authors are grateful to Emmanuel Alakunle and Ikenna George for their excellent technical assistance.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2020/8/18
Y1 - 2020/8/18
N2 - The current study determined the natural angiogenic molecules using an unbiased metabolomics approach. A chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to examine pro- and antiangiogenic molecules, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Vessel formation was analyzed quantitatively using the angiogenic index (p < 0.05). At embryonic day one, a white streak or circle area was observed when vessel formation begins. GCMS analysis and database search demonstrated that angiogenesis may initiate when oleic, cholesterol, and linoleic acids increased in the area of angiogenic reactions. The gain of function study was conducted by the injection of cholesterol and oleic acid into a chick embryo to determine the role of each lipid in angiogenesis. We propose that oleic acid, cholesterol, and linoleic acid are natural molecules that set the platform for the initiation stage of angiogenesis before other proteins including the vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin, angiotensin, and erythropoietin join as the angiome in sprout extension and vessel maturation.
AB - The current study determined the natural angiogenic molecules using an unbiased metabolomics approach. A chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to examine pro- and antiangiogenic molecules, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Vessel formation was analyzed quantitatively using the angiogenic index (p < 0.05). At embryonic day one, a white streak or circle area was observed when vessel formation begins. GCMS analysis and database search demonstrated that angiogenesis may initiate when oleic, cholesterol, and linoleic acids increased in the area of angiogenic reactions. The gain of function study was conducted by the injection of cholesterol and oleic acid into a chick embryo to determine the role of each lipid in angiogenesis. We propose that oleic acid, cholesterol, and linoleic acid are natural molecules that set the platform for the initiation stage of angiogenesis before other proteins including the vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin, angiotensin, and erythropoietin join as the angiome in sprout extension and vessel maturation.
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U2 - 10.1021/acsomega.0c02850
DO - 10.1021/acsomega.0c02850
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85090929018
SN - 2470-1343
VL - 5
SP - 20575
EP - 20585
JO - ACS Omega
JF - ACS Omega
IS - 32
ER -