Plasma proteins as biomarkers of the aging process

This study was designed to characterize the rat serum proteins as biomarkers of the normal aging process. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis or electroimmunodiffusion quantitation of proteins was performed in rats aged 6, 12, 24, and 30 mo. Selection of healthy animals was based on confrontation of crossed immunoelectrophoresis patterns with those of experimentally inflamed young adults and with individual anatomopathological data. Convergence of inflammatory patterns and severe histological lesions was the exclusion criterion. Senescence-induced decrease was demonstrated for eight proteins [negative senescence reactants (SRs^-)] and increase for six proteins [positive SRs (SRs⁺)]. Most SRs belonged to the class of proteins responsive to acute inflammation [acute phase reactants (APRs)]. One SR⁺, the thyroxine-binding globulin, a high-affinity thyroid hormone hinder, emerged as a particularly reliable senescence biomarker, showing the highest aging- related variation (8-fold increase from 6 to 30 mo) and not belonging to the APR class. Chronic treatment with perindopril, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor used in heart and renal disease therapy, significantly enhanced thyroxine-binding capacity, possibly by preventing age-related alterations of serum lipids. Serum protein patterns prove valuable both as indexes for selecting aging animals free from superimposed pathologies and as parameters of senescence-induced changes in protein biosynthesis.