TY - JOUR
T1 - TSC1 mutations in Keratoconus Patients with or without tuberous sclerosis
AU - Bykhovskaya, Yelena
AU - Fardaei, Majid
AU - Khaled, Mariam Lotfy
AU - Nejabat, Mahmood
AU - Salouti, Ramin
AU - Dastsooz, Hassan
AU - Liu, Yutao
AU - Inaloo, Soroor
AU - Rabinowitz, Yaron S.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the patients for their cooperation. Supported by the National Eye Institute Grants EY09052 (YSR) and EY023242 (YL). Disclosure: Y. Bykhovskaya, None; M. Fardaei, None; M.L. Khaled, None; M. Nejabat, None; R. Salouti, None; H. Dastsooz, None; Y. Liu, None; S. Inaloo, None; Y.S. Rabino-witz, None
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Authors.
PY - 2017/12
Y1 - 2017/12
N2 - PURPOSE. To test candidate genes TSC1 and TSC2 in a family affected by tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) where proband was also diagnosed with bilateral keratoconus (KC) and to test the hypothesis that defects in the same gene may lead to a nonsyndromic KC. METHODS. Next-generation sequencing of TSC1 and TSC2 genes was performed in a proband affected by TSC and KC. Identified mutation was confirmed by Sanger DNA sequencing. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in patients with nonsyndromic KC. Sanger DNA sequencing was used to confirm WES results and to screen additional patients. RT-PCR was used to investigate TSC1 expression in seven normal human corneas and eight corneas from patients with KC. Various in silico tools were employed to model functional consequences of identified mutations. RESULTS. A heterozygous nonsense TSC1 mutation g.132902703C>T (c.2293C>T, p.Gln765Ter) was identified in a patient with TSC and KC. Two heterozygous missense TSC1 variants g.132896322A>T (c.3408A>T, p.Asp1136Glu) and g.132896452G>A (c.3278G>A, p.Arg1093Gln) were identified in three patients with nonsyndromic KC. Two mutations were not present in The Genome Aggregation (GnomAD), The Exome Aggregation (ExAC), and 1000 Genomes (1000G) databases, while the third one was present in GnomAD and 1000G with minor allele frequencies (MAF) of 0.00001 and 0.0002, respectively. We found TSC1 expressed in normal corneas and KC corneas, albeit with various levels. CONCLUSIONS. Here for the first time we found TSC1 gene to be involved in bilateral KC and TSC as well as with nonsyndromic KC, supporting the hypothesis that diverse germline mutations of the same gene can cause genetic disorders with overlapping clinical features.
AB - PURPOSE. To test candidate genes TSC1 and TSC2 in a family affected by tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) where proband was also diagnosed with bilateral keratoconus (KC) and to test the hypothesis that defects in the same gene may lead to a nonsyndromic KC. METHODS. Next-generation sequencing of TSC1 and TSC2 genes was performed in a proband affected by TSC and KC. Identified mutation was confirmed by Sanger DNA sequencing. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in patients with nonsyndromic KC. Sanger DNA sequencing was used to confirm WES results and to screen additional patients. RT-PCR was used to investigate TSC1 expression in seven normal human corneas and eight corneas from patients with KC. Various in silico tools were employed to model functional consequences of identified mutations. RESULTS. A heterozygous nonsense TSC1 mutation g.132902703C>T (c.2293C>T, p.Gln765Ter) was identified in a patient with TSC and KC. Two heterozygous missense TSC1 variants g.132896322A>T (c.3408A>T, p.Asp1136Glu) and g.132896452G>A (c.3278G>A, p.Arg1093Gln) were identified in three patients with nonsyndromic KC. Two mutations were not present in The Genome Aggregation (GnomAD), The Exome Aggregation (ExAC), and 1000 Genomes (1000G) databases, while the third one was present in GnomAD and 1000G with minor allele frequencies (MAF) of 0.00001 and 0.0002, respectively. We found TSC1 expressed in normal corneas and KC corneas, albeit with various levels. CONCLUSIONS. Here for the first time we found TSC1 gene to be involved in bilateral KC and TSC as well as with nonsyndromic KC, supporting the hypothesis that diverse germline mutations of the same gene can cause genetic disorders with overlapping clinical features.
KW - Bilateral keratoconus
KW - Mutation
KW - Nonsyndromic keratoconus
KW - Tuberous sclerosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85039049214&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85039049214&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1167/iovs.17-22819
DO - 10.1167/iovs.17-22819
M3 - Article
C2 - 29261847
AN - SCOPUS:85039049214
SN - 0146-0404
VL - 58
SP - 6462
EP - 6469
JO - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
JF - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
IS - 14
ER -