TY - JOUR
T1 - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors’ Newly Reported Endocrine Side Effect
T2 - Pazopanib-Induced Primary Adrenal Insufficiency in a Patient With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer
AU - Elshimy, Ghada
AU - Gandhi, Anand
AU - Guo, Rong
AU - Correa, Ricardo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Federation for Medical Research.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been used in the treatment of multiple types of cancer. Pazopanib is one of the TKIs and is considered a first-line treatment for adult patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Many endocrine-related adverse effects have been noted with the use of TKIs including hypothyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, altered bone density, secondary hyperparathyroidism, abnormal glucose metabolism, gynecomastia, and hypogonadism. Subclinical glucocorticoid deficiency and adrenal insufficiency have been reported with the use of TKIs in only a few cases so far; thus, its true prevalence and clinical significance have yet to be fully elucidated. The mechanism is still not fully understood; however, adrenal toxicity with hemorrhage and/or necrosis of the adrenal glands has been observed in studies. In this article, we describe the first reported case of pazopanib inducing primary adrenal insufficiency in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma diagnosed after the exclusion of all other causes of primary adrenal insufficiency.
AB - Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been used in the treatment of multiple types of cancer. Pazopanib is one of the TKIs and is considered a first-line treatment for adult patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Many endocrine-related adverse effects have been noted with the use of TKIs including hypothyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, altered bone density, secondary hyperparathyroidism, abnormal glucose metabolism, gynecomastia, and hypogonadism. Subclinical glucocorticoid deficiency and adrenal insufficiency have been reported with the use of TKIs in only a few cases so far; thus, its true prevalence and clinical significance have yet to be fully elucidated. The mechanism is still not fully understood; however, adrenal toxicity with hemorrhage and/or necrosis of the adrenal glands has been observed in studies. In this article, we describe the first reported case of pazopanib inducing primary adrenal insufficiency in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma diagnosed after the exclusion of all other causes of primary adrenal insufficiency.
KW - pazopanib
KW - primary adrenal insufficiency
KW - renal cell carcinoma
KW - tyrosine kinase inhibitors
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U2 - 10.1177/2324709620936808
DO - 10.1177/2324709620936808
M3 - Article
C2 - 32583692
AN - SCOPUS:85086832294
SN - 2324-7096
VL - 8
JO - Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
JF - Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
ER -