TY - JOUR
T1 - Understanding neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease
T2 - challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment
AU - Pless, Andrew
AU - Ware, Destany
AU - Saggu, Shalini
AU - Rehman, Hasibur
AU - Morgan, John
AU - Wang, Qin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Pless, Ware, Saggu, Rehman, Morgan and Wang.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affect up to 97% of AD patients, with an estimated 80% of current AD patients experiencing these symptoms. Common AD-associated NPS include depression, anxiety, agitation, aggression, and apathy. The severity of NPS in AD is typically linked to the disease’s progression and the extent of cognitive decline. Additionally, these symptoms are responsible for a significant increase in morbidity, mortality, caregiver burden, earlier nursing home placement, and greater healthcare expenditure. Despite their high prevalence and significant impact, there is a notable lack of clinical research on NPS in AD. In this article, we explore and analyze the prevalence, symptom manifestations, challenges in diagnosis, and treatment options of NPS associated with AD. Our literature review reveals that distinguishing and accurately diagnosing the NPS associated with AD remains a challenging task in clinical settings. It is often difficult to discern whether NPS are secondary to pathophysiological changes from AD or are comorbid psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, the availability of effective pharmaceutical interventions, as well as non-pharmacotherapies for NPS in AD, remains limited. By highlighting the advance and challenges in diagnosis and treatment of AD-associated NPS, we aspire to offer new insights into the complexity of identifying and treating these symptoms within the context of AD, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of NPS in AD.
AB - Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affect up to 97% of AD patients, with an estimated 80% of current AD patients experiencing these symptoms. Common AD-associated NPS include depression, anxiety, agitation, aggression, and apathy. The severity of NPS in AD is typically linked to the disease’s progression and the extent of cognitive decline. Additionally, these symptoms are responsible for a significant increase in morbidity, mortality, caregiver burden, earlier nursing home placement, and greater healthcare expenditure. Despite their high prevalence and significant impact, there is a notable lack of clinical research on NPS in AD. In this article, we explore and analyze the prevalence, symptom manifestations, challenges in diagnosis, and treatment options of NPS associated with AD. Our literature review reveals that distinguishing and accurately diagnosing the NPS associated with AD remains a challenging task in clinical settings. It is often difficult to discern whether NPS are secondary to pathophysiological changes from AD or are comorbid psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, the availability of effective pharmaceutical interventions, as well as non-pharmacotherapies for NPS in AD, remains limited. By highlighting the advance and challenges in diagnosis and treatment of AD-associated NPS, we aspire to offer new insights into the complexity of identifying and treating these symptoms within the context of AD, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of NPS in AD.
KW - Alzheimer’s disease
KW - clinical diagnosis
KW - comorbidity
KW - neuropsychiatric symptoms
KW - pharmacotherapy
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U2 - 10.3389/fnins.2023.1263771
DO - 10.3389/fnins.2023.1263771
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85171588025
SN - 1662-4548
VL - 17
JO - Frontiers in Neuroscience
JF - Frontiers in Neuroscience
M1 - 1263771
ER -